Investment banks

Investment banks - financial institutions which first of all are occupied in lifting of funds through securities and a debt. However, only a few smaller banks offer these main services. Almost all investment banks render additional services, such as trade in derivatives, securities of the fixed income, the currency market, the goods and the action securities, etc. Some examples of investment banks - Bank of America, Wells n Fargo, Deutsche Bank, Авуары Nomura, and Gold Sachs, among others. These services of investment banks giving a full complex have a presence at all main areas round the world.

Investment banks help the companies and the governments, together with their agencies, to bring up additional funds for their actions, leaving and dealing securities in the primary markets. They also help public and private corporations to bring up funds in the capital markets (through a debt or securities), offering them strategic advisory services on private placings of the action, merge of the companies and acquisition, and other types of financial transactions. Besides, investment banks operate as intermediaries in trade for clients.

The main distinction between commercial banking establishment and investment bank - that last does not collect deposits or gives corporate and commercial loans to people.

Last years, however, commercial banks, in their attempt to keep there are more than clients through больший volume of services and financial products, have started to offer services which were traditionally a part of an investment bank portfolio.

The investment bank is divided that usually name as Forward Office, Middle Office and Return Office. Forward Office includes following divisions: the Investment Banking, which concentrates on bringing up funds in the capital markets, offering strategic advisory services on merges of the companies and acquisition; Investment Management - division which concentrates on professional management of individual securities (stocks, bonds, etc.) and other actives (such as properties of real estate) on purpose to achieve the object specific investors. The financial division of the markets includes some divisions:

- Trade: usually, it is the most favourable division of investment bank which is responsible for the majority of the income of bank.- Sales: here people who think out investment ideas and represent to their main established and private investors. They also are involved in the subsequent performance of these ideas.
- The analysis: it is unit which informs concerning the financial possibilities connected with the companies, often thinking out the offer to buy or sell.
- Structurization: this division - rather new unit, receiving popularity because of constantly growing trade of derivatives which allows the big edges than usual securities.

Through division of Management by Risk Middle Office it is involved on credit and the analysis of risk of the market which dealers use in financial reports through their everyday transactions. The corporate exchequer is occupied in investments, management of the capital, and liquidity risks to supervise.

The Back Office department, the extremely important for each investment bank, is occupied in financial information management and is responsible for check, whether each transaction properly is spent and whether its parametres are correct. Information department of technology - the main body responsible for technical support.